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各位达人，麻烦帮忙翻译``不要工具翻译的``谢谢
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作者： sarings3
01-01 08:00
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Heavy oil is usually heated to increase its fluidity. When
the heater is malfunctioned or the thermostat fails, the oil
may be overheated resulting in flammable vapors release. A
1990 fire that destroyed a 60,000-barrel gas oil tank in
Lemont, Illinois, USA (Persson and Lonnermark, 2004) and
a 1969 explosion that destroyed a fuel oil tank at a
Kaohsiung, Taiwan sugar mill were caused by the heater
malfunction. A 1983 fire that destroyed a fuel oil tank at a
Venezuela power plant was caused by the failure of a
thermostat (CPC, 1983).
3.6. Crack and rupture
There were 13 tank cracks, 2 body ruptures one roof
hole and one flange crack resulting in 13 spillages
including oils, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, molten
sulfur, and sodium cyanide solution, 3 fires and
explosions, and the falling of one operator. Most storage
tank damage is attributable to age deterioration, corrosion
and seismic motions. Cracks usually occur at the bottom
or the welding edges. A 1970 crack at the bottom of a
crude oil storage tank at a Kaohsiung, Taiwan refinery
was attributed to the slow subsidence of the foundation
(Lin, 2003). Both crude oil spills from storage tanks into
bunds at a Kaohsiung, Taiwan refinery in 2002 and at a
Fawley, Hampshire, UK refinery were caused by the
corrosion of tank bottom (UKHSE, 2000). The corrosion
of a defective weld was attributed to a 1999 spillage of
12 tonnes of sodium cyanide solution from a Cleveland,
UK storage tank into the ground and river tees (UKHSE,
2000). The 1977 incident at an Umm Said, Qatar gas
processing plant was caused by a weld failure of a
260,000-barrel tank containing refrigerated propane at
K45 degree Fahrenheit. The weld failure was attributed
to three possibilities, including microbiological sulfate
reducing bacteria from hydrotesting the tank with
seawater (March and Mclennan, 1997). The crack of a
flange on the south side of an oil tank at a Houston,
Texas oil and chemical company in 2003 let the oil out
and led a small fire (USCSB, 2000–2003). The failure of
the bottom portion of a newly fabricated tank containing
hydrochloric acid at an Illinois lighting plant in 2001 was
probably due to malfabrication (USCSB, 2000–2003).
The rupture of a tank containing sulfuric acid at a
mothballed dye plant in Guangdong, China in 2001 and a
collapse of a fiberglass tank containing hydrochloric acid
in Pennsylvania, USA were attributed to lack of
maintenance (USCSB, 2000–2003).
Most of the spills were restricted to areas around the
tanks or within protective bunds, but those located at
seashores or riverbanks released a large quantity of tank
contents into the water. A crack of a storage tank at a
Floreffe, Pennsylvania terminal in 1988 released 92,400
barrels of diesel oil into the river (March & Mclennan,
1997) and a 1974 crack at the bottom plate of a tank at a
Mizushima port, Japan refinery released 7500 kl of heavy
oil into the sea (PAJ, 2004). |
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回复：各位达人，麻烦帮忙翻译``不要工具翻译的``谢谢
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作者： tyh41083788
01-01 08:00
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重油通常被加热增加它的流动性。当加热器发生故障或温箱失败, 油也许被过度加热造成易燃的蒸气发行。毁坏60,000 桶气油坦克在Lemont, 伊利诺伊, 美国的1990 日火(Persson 和Lonnermark, 2004) 并且毁坏一辆燃料油坦克在Kaohsiung 的1969 年爆炸, 台湾糖磨房由加热器故障造成。毁坏一辆燃料油坦克在委内瑞拉能源厂的1983 火由温箱造成(CPC 1983 的) 失败。3.6. 裂缝和破裂那里是13 坦克镇压、2 身体破裂一个屋顶孔和一个耳轮缘裂缝造成13 spillages 包括油, 盐酸、硫酸、溶解的硫磺、和钠氰化物解答、3 火和爆炸, 和下落一名操作员。多数储存箱损伤是可归属的对年龄恶化、腐蚀和地震行动。镇压通常发生在底部或焊接边缘。一个1970 裂缝在一个原油储存箱的底部在Kaohsiung, 台湾精炼厂归因于基础(林2003 的) 缓慢的沉淀。两原油从储存箱溢出入bunds 在Kaohsiung, 2002 年台湾精炼厂并且在Fawley, 汉普郡, 英国精炼厂由腐蚀坦克底部造成(UKHSE 2000) 。瑕疵焊接的腐蚀归因于12 吨1999 年溢出钠氰化物解答从克利夫兰, 英国储存箱到地面和河发球区域(UKHSE 2000) 。1977 年事件在Umm 说, 卡塔尔气体处理设备由260,000 桶坦克的焊接失败造成包含被冷藏的丙烷在K45 华氏度。焊接失败归因于三种可能性, 包括微生物学的sulfate 细菌减少从hydrotesting 坦克与海水(1997 3月和Mclennan) 。耳轮缘的裂缝在一个油箱的南边在休斯敦, 得克萨斯石油和化学制品公司在2003 让油和带领了小火(USCSB 2000-2003) 。2001 年一辆最近被制造的坦克的底下部份的失败包含盐酸在伊利诺伊照明设备植物大概归结于malfabrication (USCSB 2000-2003) 。坦克的破裂包含硫酸在一棵被封存的染料植物在广东、2001 年中国和玻璃纤维坦克的崩溃包含盐酸在宾夕法尼亚, 美国归因于缺乏维护(USCSB 2000-2003) 。大多溢出被限于区域在坦克附近或在防护bunds 之内, 但那些位于海滨或河岸释放很大数量的坦克内容入水。一个储存箱在Floreffe, 宾夕法尼亚终端的裂缝在1988 释放92,400 桶柴油入河(3月& Mclennan 1997) 并且一个1974 裂缝在一辆坦克的底下板材在Mizushima 口岸, 日本精炼厂释放7500 千立升重油入海(PAJ 2004) 。 |
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回复：各位达人，麻烦帮忙翻译``不要工具翻译的``谢谢
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作者： mavourninIS
06-26 12:50
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重油通常需要被加热来增加它的流动性。(但是)当加热器或恒温器出现故障时，油就可能因为过热而导致可燃蒸汽的释放。加热器的故障引发了一次1990年摧毁美国伊利诺斯州勒蒙特(Persson and Lonnermark, 2004)一个拥有6万桶汽油的加油站的大火和一场1969年摧毁台湾高雄糖厂附近的一个燃料加油站爆炸。而一次1983年破坏委内瑞拉电力厂旁的燃料加油站的大火则是由恒温器的故障导致的(CPC, 1983)。
3.6 破裂和破碎
13个油箱裂开，2个主体破裂，一个屋顶出现漏洞和一个边缘裂纹导致了13起包括油、盐酸、硫酸、液体硫、氰化钠溶液的泄漏、3起大火和爆炸,还有一个操作员的跌落。多数贮油箱损坏由老化、腐蚀和地震运动引起。裂纹经常出现于(容器)底部和焊接的边缘。在1973年，台湾高雄的精炼厂地基的缓慢沉降归因于一个原油储油箱的底部破裂(Lin, 2003)。2002年台湾高雄和英国汉普郡的发莱的精炼厂的原油从储油箱的泄漏到码头(的事故)都是由于油箱底部的腐蚀(UKHSE, 2000)。1999年英国克里夫兰12吨氰化钠溶液流入地下和河流的泄漏归咎于储油箱焊接点残缺的腐蚀(UKHSE, 2000)。1977年发生在卡塔尔的乌姆赛义德可燃气处理厂的事件是由26万桶于华氏45k冷藏的丙烷的焊接点损坏引发的。而焊接点开裂会导致三种可能，包括有微生物硫酸盐减少细菌在装海水的箱子中的水压测试(March and Mclennan,1997)。2003年，德克萨斯州休斯敦一个石油化工公司位于南边的一个油箱边缘发生破裂，石油泄漏并引起了一场小火灾(USCSB, 2000–2003)。2001年伊利诺斯州电厂的部分新制造用来装盐酸的罐子底部损坏可能是因为(罐子)劣质(USCSB, 2000–2003)。同年中国广东一个防腐染料厂的装有硫酸的罐子破裂和美国宾西法尼亚州一个装有盐酸的玻璃纤维罐子的破碎都是由于缺少维修保养(USCSB, 2000–2003)。大多数的泄漏都被限制在容器的周围的地区或者是在被保护的码头之内，但是那些位于海岸上或者是河边上的工厂将大量的容器内物质释放于水中。1988年宾西法尼亚州的弗洛莱夫的终端总站一个储油箱的破裂释放了92400桶的柴油于河中(March&Mclennan, 1997)并且1984年日本水岛港的一个精炼厂的储油箱底盘的破裂导致了向海中排放了7500千升的重油(PAJ, 2004)。 |
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